Science Buddies: "Ask an Expert"

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javascript tic tac toe

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javascript games source code

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import getopt

def usage():
    print '''\
Usage: %s [Options] [filename1 [filename2 [...]]]

   Explain program here.

   NOTE: Put any special notes here.

   Options
        -h, --help - Print this message and exit

        -l, --l_option [string] - An option that begins with the letter l, so we use -l on the
                                    command line. We tell the user it is expected to be a string.

        -s, --s_option [integer] - An option that begins with the letter s, so we use -s on the
                                    command line. We tell the user it is expected to be an integer.

        -t, --tmp-dir [string] - Path to the directory where temporary files will be created. Since
                                    tmp begins with a t, we use -t

''' % sys.argv[0]

def main(argv=None):
    if argv is None:
        argv = sys.argv

    s_option = 0
    tmp_dir  = '/tmp'
    l_option = None

    # check command line options and whether file names were specified, altering filenames as appropriate
    try:
        opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ht:s:l:", ["help", "tmp-dir=", "s_option=", "l_option="])
    except getopt.GetoptError, err:
        # print help information and exit:
        print str(err) # will print something like "option -a not recognized"
        usage()
        sys.exit(2)
    for o, a in opts:
        if o in ("-h", "--help"):
            usage()
            return(0)
        elif o in ('-s', '--s_option'):
            try:
                s_option = int(a)
            except exceptions.ValueError:
                print"my_program_name: Bad integer argument to -s or --s_option"
                usage()
                return(1)
        elif o in ('-t', '--tmp-dir'):
            try:
                tmp_dir = a
                # make sure the directory actually exists
                os.statvfs(tmp_dir)
            except OSError:
                print"my_program_name: Unable to statvfs the -t or --tmp-dir argument '%s'", tmp_dir
                usage()
                return(1)
        elif o in ('-l', '--l_option'):
            #
            l_option    = a
        else:
            assert False, "unhandled option"

    try:
        if args:
            for fn in args:
                try:
                    with file(fn) as fobj:
                        print"my_program_name: reading from file: %s" % (fn)
                        # call a function that does something with file fn
                except IOError, e:
                    print"my_program_name: Error reading file: %s: %s" % (fn, str(e))
                    return(1)
        else:
            print"my_program_name: reading from stdin"
            # call a function that reads from standard input and does something with the info
    except Exception, e:
        sys.stderr.write(str(e) + "\n")
        return(1)

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start_my_ai_approach("hi", 25, 16.8);
start_my_ai_approach("med", 47, 1.6);
start_my_ai_approach("lo", 8, 5.0);
start_my_ai_approach("hi", 70, 0.35);

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# Tic Tac Toe

import random

def drawBoard(board):
    # This function prints out the board that it was passed.

    # "board" is a list of 10 strings representing the board (ignore index 0)
    print('   |   |')
    print(' ' + board[7] + ' | ' + board[8] + ' | ' + board[9])
    print('   |   |')
    print('-----------')
    print('   |   |')
    print(' ' + board[4] + ' | ' + board[5] + ' | ' + board[6])
    print('   |   |')
    print('-----------')
    print('   |   |')
    print(' ' + board[1] + ' | ' + board[2] + ' | ' + board[3])
    print('   |   |')

def inputPlayerLetter():
    # Let's the player type which letter they want to be.
    # Returns a list with the player's letter as the first item, and the computer's letter as the second.
    letter = ''
    while not (letter == 'X' or letter == 'O'):
        print('Do you want to be X or O?')
        letter = input().upper()

    # the first element in the tuple is the player's letter, the second is the computer's letter.
    if letter == 'X':
        return ['X', 'O']
    else:
        return ['O', 'X']

def whoGoesFirst():
    # Randomly choose the player who goes first.
    if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
        return 'computer'
    else:
        return 'player'

def playAgain():
    # This function returns True if the player wants to play again, otherwise it returns False.
    print('Do you want to play again? (yes or no)')
    return input().lower().startswith('y')

def makeMove(board, letter, move):
    board[move] = letter

def isWinner(bo, le):
    # Given a board and a player's letter, this function returns True if that player has won.
    # We use bo instead of board and le instead of letter so we don't have to type as much.
    return ((bo[7] == le and bo[8] == le and bo[9] == le) or # across the top
    (bo[4] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[6] == le) or # across the middle
    (bo[1] == le and bo[2] == le and bo[3] == le) or # across the bottom
    (bo[7] == le and bo[4] == le and bo[1] == le) or # down the left side
    (bo[8] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[2] == le) or # down the middle
    (bo[9] == le and bo[6] == le and bo[3] == le) or # down the right side
    (bo[7] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[3] == le) or # diagonal
    (bo[9] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[1] == le)) # diagonal

def getBoardCopy(board):
    # Make a duplicate of the board list and return it the duplicate.
    dupeBoard = []

    for i in board:
        dupeBoard.append(i)

    return dupeBoard

def isSpaceFree(board, move):
    # Return true if the passed move is free on the passed board.
    return board[move] == ' '

def getPlayerMove(board):
    # Let the player type in his move.
    move = ' '
    while move not in '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9'.split() or not isSpaceFree(board, int(move)):
        print('What is your next move? (1-9)')
        move = input()
    return int(move)

def chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, movesList):
    # Returns a valid move from the passed list on the passed board.
    # Returns None if there is no valid move.
    possibleMoves = []
    for i in movesList:
        if isSpaceFree(board, i):
            possibleMoves.append(i)

    if len(possibleMoves) != 0:
        return random.choice(possibleMoves)
    else:
        return None

def getComputerMove(board, computerLetter):
    # Given a board and the computer's letter, determine where to move and return that move.
    if computerLetter == 'X':
        playerLetter = 'O'
    else:
        playerLetter = 'X'

    # Here is our algorithm for our Tic Tac Toe AI:
    # First, check if we can win in the next move
    for i in range(1, 10):
        copy = getBoardCopy(board)
        if isSpaceFree(copy, i):
            makeMove(copy, computerLetter, i)
            if isWinner(copy, computerLetter):
                return i

    # Check if the player could win on his next move, and block them.
    for i in range(1, 10):
        copy = getBoardCopy(board)
        if isSpaceFree(copy, i):
            makeMove(copy, playerLetter, i)
            if isWinner(copy, playerLetter):
                return i

    # Try to take one of the corners, if they are free.
    move = chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [1, 3, 7, 9])
    if move != None:
        return move

    # Try to take the center, if it is free.
    if isSpaceFree(board, 5):
        return 5

    # Move on one of the sides.
    return chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [2, 4, 6, 8])

def isBoardFull(board):
    # Return True if every space on the board has been taken. Otherwise return False.
    for i in range(1, 10):
        if isSpaceFree(board, i):
            return False
    return True


print('Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!')

while True:
    # Reset the board
    theBoard = [' '] * 10
    playerLetter, computerLetter = inputPlayerLetter()
    turn = whoGoesFirst()
    print('The ' + turn + ' will go first.')
    gameIsPlaying = True

    while gameIsPlaying:
        if turn == 'player':
            # Player's turn.
            drawBoard(theBoard)
            move = getPlayerMove(theBoard)
            makeMove(theBoard, playerLetter, move)

            if isWinner(theBoard, playerLetter):
                drawBoard(theBoard)
                print('Hooray! You have won the game!')
                gameIsPlaying = False
            else:
                if isBoardFull(theBoard):
                    drawBoard(theBoard)
                    print('The game is a tie!')
                    break
                else:
                    turn = 'computer'

        else:
            # Computer's turn.
            move = getComputerMove(theBoard, computerLetter)
            makeMove(theBoard, computerLetter, move)

            if isWinner(theBoard, computerLetter):
                drawBoard(theBoard)
                print('The computer has beaten you! You lose.')
                gameIsPlaying = False
            else:
                if isBoardFull(theBoard):
                    drawBoard(theBoard)
                    print('The game is a tie!')
                    break
                else:
                    turn = 'player'

    if not playAgain():
        break