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Quiz: CUT! How Does CRISPR Work?
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1. What is the natural role of the CRISPR-Cas9 system?
a. It is a defense system in bacteria against competing bacteria.
b. It is a defense system in human cells against viruses.
c. It is a defense system in bacteria against viruses.
d. It is a defense system in human cells against bacteria.
Correct.
Incorrect.
2. Match each of the following CRISPR components to its function.
a. Single-guide RNA
Part of the double-stranded DNA that includes the target sequence that will be edited.
A specific nucleotide sequence that guides the Cas9 nuclease to the matching sequence in the target DNA.
A DNA sequence that is inserted into the cut target DNA to replace or correct a certain DNA sequence.
A short nucleotide sequence that signals the single-guide RNA where to bind on the target DNA.
A nuclease protein that induces a double-strand break of the DNA at the target site.
b. Cas9
Part of the double-stranded DNA that includes the target sequence that will be edited.
A specific nucleotide sequence that guides the Cas9 nuclease to the matching sequence in the target DNA.
A DNA sequence that is inserted into the cut target DNA to replace or correct a certain DNA sequence.
A short nucleotide sequence that signals the single-guide RNA where to bind on the target DNA.
A nuclease protein that induces a double-strand break of the DNA at the target site.
c. PAM sequence
Part of the double-stranded DNA that includes the target sequence that will be edited.
A specific nucleotide sequence that guides the Cas9 nuclease to the matching sequence in the target DNA.
A DNA sequence that is inserted into the cut target DNA to replace or correct a certain DNA sequence.
A short nucleotide sequence that signals the single-guide RNA where to bind on the target DNA.
A nuclease protein that induces a double-strand break of the DNA at the target site.
d. Target DNA
Part of the double-stranded DNA that includes the target sequence that will be edited.
A specific nucleotide sequence that guides the Cas9 nuclease to the matching sequence in the target DNA.
A DNA sequence that is inserted into the cut target DNA to replace or correct a certain DNA sequence.
A short nucleotide sequence that signals the single-guide RNA where to bind on the target DNA.
A nuclease protein that induces a double-strand break of the DNA at the target site.
e. DNA repair template
Part of the double-stranded DNA
A specific nucleotide sequence that guides the Cas9 nuclease to the matching sequence in the target DNA.
A DNA sequence that is inserted into the cut target DNA to replace or correct a certain DNA sequence.
A short nucleotide sequence that signals the single-guide RNA where to bind on the target DNA.
A nuclease protein that induces a double-strand break of the DNA at the target site.
3. Is this statement true or false? "CRISPR-Cas9 can induce a double-strand break anywhere in the genome that has a nearby PAM sequence."
a. True
b. False
Correct.
Incorrect.
4. What can happen during repair of the CRISPR-Cas9-induced double-strand break at the target site? (Select all that apply)
a. Additional nucleotides can be added at the target site, which results in an insertion mutation.
b. The double-strand break is only repaired in one DNA strand, not the other.
c. Nucleotides can be removed at the target site, which results in a deletion mutation.
d. A specific nucleotide sequence or an entire new gene can be introduced into the target DNA if a DNA repair template is present.
5. Which of the following are possible applications of the CRISPR technology?
a. Fixing a mutation in a gene in order to cure a disease.
b. Introducing a mutation to inactivate a gene.
c. Introducing a new gene into an organism's genome.
d. A and B only
e. A, B, and C
Correct.
Incorrect.
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